Single centre experience of inhaled nitric oxide use in extremely preterm infants

This study reviews the use of inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) in infants born at less than 32 weeks’ gestation with hypoxic respiratory failure, over a 14-year period from 2010 to 2023. It describes trends in iNO utilisation, baseline characteristics of treated infants, and compares mortality outcomes with preterm infants who did not receive iNO. The article also examines the association between iNO use and timing of death. Implications for clinical decision-making in extremely preterm infants with hypoxic respiratory failure are discussed.

Dr Angharad R Flower¹
Neonatal Junior Clinical Fellow angharad.flower2@nhs.net

Dr Marika Lasokova¹
Neonatal Senior Clinical Fellow

Dr Sandeep Shetty^1,2
Neonatal Consultant

Dr Justin Richards¹
Neonatal Consultant

Dr Anay Kulkarni¹
Neonatal Consultant

¹St George’s Hospital, London
²City St George’s, University of London

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Keywords

inhaled nitric oxide (iNO); hypoxic respiratory failure; pulmonary hypertension; extreme prematurity

Also published in Infant:

VOLUME 17/ISSUE 5, SEPTEMBER 2021

Problems and perceptions around severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia

Advances in neonatal care have led to increased survival of the extreme preterm infant, yet bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) as a comorbidity has shown an increasing trend. A major proportion of preterm infants who remain invasively ventilated at term-corrected gestational age go on to require long-term respiratory support yet the management and prognosis for severe BPD shows wide regional variation depending on availability of resources. This article addresses conundrums regarding the management of severe BPD and the care pathway, including a survey of practice to give a UK regional perspective.