Multifocal osteomyelitis in a preterm neonate: A case study

Osteomyelitis is a rare condition in the neonatal population with Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) the most common pathogen, followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae). Diagnosis is difficult but important, due to the potential long-term sequelae of the infection. We discuss a case of a preterm neonate, born at 26 weeks’ gestation, who presented with S. aureus and evidence of osteomyelitis in the proximal humerus and femoral head. While rare, osteomyelitis is often multifocal. We explore the challenges of diagnosis, treatment and outcomes in this interesting case.

Dr Jack Fletcher
Paediatric Registrar
jack.fletcher9@nhs.net

Dr Leanne Dearman
Neonatal GRID Trainee

Dr Kumar Swamy
SAS Doctor

Dr Bernard Schoonakker
Neonatal Consultant

Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Nottingham City Hospital

Fletcher J., Dearman L., Swamy K., Schoonakker B. Multifocal osteomyelitis in a preterm neonate: A case study. Infant 2025; 21(3): 78-81.

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Keywords

osteomyelitis; Staphylococcus aureus; central line

Key points

Osteomyelitis is a rare condition in the neonatal population.
Osteomyelitis is an infection of the bone.
The disease is mainly caused by Staphylococcus aureus with single bone involvement.

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