Pneumomediastinum in a term neonate: A rare clinical entity

This article details the case of a term Caucasian female neonate with pneumomediastinum, outlining the clinical presentation, diagnostic challenges and management strategies. The discussion highlights the importance of timely intervention, the role of conservative management and the necessity for continuous monitoring to ensure successful outcomes in neonatal pneumomediastinum cases.

Dr Gbemisola Ogundowole
Medical Doctor

Dr Ejiro Ogonor
Paediatric Registrar

Professor Shalini Ojha
Neonatal Consultant

Dr Nigel Ruggins
Neonatal Consultant

Neonatal unit, Royal Derby Hospital

Ogundowol G, Ogonor E, Ojha S, Ruggins N. Pneumomediastinum in a term neonate: A rare clinical entity. Infant 2025; 21(1): 11-13.

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Keywords

pneumomediastinum; neonate; respiratory distress; conservative management; chest X-ray; neonatal intensive care

Key points

Pneumomediastinum is a rare but significant condition in term newborns, often presenting with respiratory distress.
Diagnosis relies heavily on chest X-rays, with key radiological features aiding in differentiation from other conditions.
Conservative management, including supportive care and close monitoring, can lead to resolution without the need for invasive procedures.
Early recognition and intervention are critical to managing pneumo-mediastinum effectively, minimising complications and improving outcomes.

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